diff --git a/crates/pdftract-core/src/content_stream.rs b/crates/pdftract-core/src/content_stream.rs
index 6e903e3..88dae1d 100644
--- a/crates/pdftract-core/src/content_stream.rs
+++ b/crates/pdftract-core/src/content_stream.rs
@@ -735,6 +735,67 @@ pub fn execute_with_do(
                         }
                         operand_buffer.clear();
                     }
+                    "Tc" => {
+                        // Set character spacing: Tc value
+                        let nums = extract_numbers(&operand_buffer, 1, &mut diagnostics);
+                        if nums.len() == 1 {
+                            gstate.set_char_spacing(nums[0]);
+                        }
+                        operand_buffer.clear();
+                    }
+                    "Tw" => {
+                        // Set word spacing: Tw value
+                        let nums = extract_numbers(&operand_buffer, 1, &mut diagnostics);
+                        if nums.len() == 1 {
+                            gstate.set_word_spacing(nums[0]);
+                        }
+                        operand_buffer.clear();
+                    }
+                    "Tz" => {
+                        // Set horizontal scaling: Tz value (percentage)
+                        let nums = extract_numbers(&operand_buffer, 1, &mut diagnostics);
+                        if nums.len() == 1 {
+                            if nums[0] <= 0.0 {
+                                diagnostics.push(Diagnostic::with_static_no_offset(
+                                    DiagCode::HorizScalingZero,
+                                    "Tz operator received 0; clamped to 1.0%",
+                                ));
+                            }
+                            gstate.set_horiz_scaling(nums[0]);
+                        }
+                        operand_buffer.clear();
+                    }
+                    "TL" => {
+                        // Set leading: TL value
+                        let nums = extract_numbers(&operand_buffer, 1, &mut diagnostics);
+                        if nums.len() == 1 {
+                            gstate.set_leading(nums[0]);
+                        }
+                        operand_buffer.clear();
+                    }
+                    "Ts" => {
+                        // Set text rise: Ts value
+                        let nums = extract_numbers(&operand_buffer, 1, &mut diagnostics);
+                        if nums.len() == 1 {
+                            gstate.set_text_rise(nums[0]);
+                        }
+                        operand_buffer.clear();
+                    }
+                    "Tr" => {
+                        // Set text rendering mode: Tr value (0-7)
+                        let nums = extract_numbers(&operand_buffer, 1, &mut diagnostics);
+                        if nums.len() == 1 {
+                            let value = nums[0] as u8;
+                            if value > 7 {
+                                diagnostics.push(Diagnostic::with_dynamic_no_offset(
+                                    DiagCode::TextRenderingModeClamped,
+                                    format!("Tr operator received {}; clamped to 7", value),
+                                ));
+                            }
+                            gstate.set_text_rendering_mode(value);
+                        }
+                        operand_buffer.clear();
+                    }
                     "Do" => {
                         // Paint XObject: Do name
                         if let Some(name_token) = operand_buffer.last() {
@@ -1867,4 +1928,188 @@ mod tests {
             "Underflow diagnostic should be emitted for Q at depth 0"
         );
     }
+
+    // Acceptance criteria tests for pdftract-4dmp
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_tc_operator_sets_char_spacing() {
+        // AC: Tc n sets char_spacing = n
+        let resources = ResourceDict::new();
+        let content = b"BT 5 Tc ET";
+
+        let result = execute_with_do(content, &resources, ProcessingMode::PositionHint, None, &[]);
+
+        // Check that the operator was processed without error
+        assert_eq!(result.diagnostics.len(), 0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_tw_operator_sets_word_spacing() {
+        // AC: Tw n sets word_spacing = n
+        let resources = ResourceDict::new();
+        let content = b"BT 10 Tw ET";
+
+        let result = execute_with_do(content, &resources, ProcessingMode::PositionHint, None, &[]);
+
+        assert_eq!(result.diagnostics.len(), 0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_tz_zero_clamps_to_one_and_emits_diagnostic() {
+        // AC: 0 Tz clamps to ~1.0 and emits HORIZ_SCALING_ZERO diagnostic
+        use crate::diagnostics::DiagCode;
+
+        let resources = ResourceDict::new();
+        let content = b"BT 0 Tz ET";
+
+        let result = execute_with_do(content, &resources, ProcessingMode::PositionHint, None, &[]);
+
+        // Should emit HORIZ_SCALING_ZERO diagnostic
+        let diag_count = result
+            .diagnostics
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|d| d.code == DiagCode::HorizScalingZero)
+            .count();
+        assert_eq!(diag_count, 1, "Should emit HORIZ_SCALING_ZERO diagnostic");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_tz_negative_clamps_to_one() {
+        // AC: Tz <= 0 clamps to 1.0
+        use crate::diagnostics::DiagCode;
+
+        let resources = ResourceDict::new();
+        let content = b"BT -10 Tz ET";
+
+        let result = execute_with_do(content, &resources, ProcessingMode::PositionHint, None, &[]);
+
+        // Should emit HORIZ_SCALING_ZERO diagnostic
+        let diag_count = result
+            .diagnostics
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|d| d.code == DiagCode::HorizScalingZero)
+            .count();
+        assert_eq!(diag_count, 1, "Should emit HORIZ_SCALING_ZERO diagnostic");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_tz_positive_value_sets_horiz_scaling() {
+        // AC: Tz 150 sets horiz_scaling = 150
+        let resources = ResourceDict::new();
+        let content = b"BT 150 Tz ET";
+
+        let result = execute_with_do(content, &resources, ProcessingMode::PositionHint, None, &[]);
+
+        assert_eq!(result.diagnostics.len(), 0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_tl_operator_sets_leading() {
+        // AC: TL n sets leading = n
+        let resources = ResourceDict::new();
+        let content = b"BT 15 TL ET";
+
+        let result = execute_with_do(content, &resources, ProcessingMode::PositionHint, None, &[]);
+
+        assert_eq!(result.diagnostics.len(), 0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_ts_operator_sets_text_rise() {
+        // AC: Ts n sets text_rise = n
+        let resources = ResourceDict::new();
+        let content = b"BT 3 Ts ET";
+
+        let result = execute_with_do(content, &resources, ProcessingMode::PositionHint, None, &[]);
+
+        assert_eq!(result.diagnostics.len(), 0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_negative_tc_tw_ts_allowed() {
+        // AC: Negative Tc/Tw/Ts allowed without warning
+        let resources = ResourceDict::new();
+        let content = b"BT -5 Tc -10 Tw -3 Ts ET";
+
+        let result = execute_with_do(content, &resources, ProcessingMode::PositionHint, None, &[]);
+
+        // Should not emit any diagnostics
+        assert_eq!(result.diagnostics.len(), 0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_tr_operator_sets_text_rendering_mode() {
+        // AC: 3 Tr sets text_rendering_mode = 3
+        let resources = ResourceDict::new();
+        let content = b"BT 3 Tr ET";
+
+        let result = execute_with_do(content, &resources, ProcessingMode::PositionHint, None, &[]);
+
+        assert_eq!(result.diagnostics.len(), 0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_tr_nine_clamps_to_seven_with_diagnostic() {
+        // AC: 9 Tr clamps to 7 (max legal value) with diagnostic
+        use crate::diagnostics::DiagCode;
+
+        let resources = ResourceDict::new();
+        let content = b"BT 9 Tr ET";
+
+        let result = execute_with_do(content, &resources, ProcessingMode::PositionHint, None, &[]);
+
+        // Should emit TEXT_RENDERING_MODE_CLAMPED diagnostic
+        let diag_count = result
+            .diagnostics
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|d| d.code == DiagCode::TextRenderingModeClamped)
+            .count();
+        assert_eq!(
+            diag_count, 1,
+            "Should emit TEXT_RENDERING_MODE_CLAMPED diagnostic"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_tr_zero_to_seven_valid() {
+        // AC: Tr values 0-7 are valid
+        let resources = ResourceDict::new();
+
+        for mode in 0..=7 {
+            let content = format!("BT {} Tr ET", mode);
+            let result = execute_with_do(
+                content.as_bytes(),
+                &resources,
+                ProcessingMode::PositionHint,
+                None,
+                &[],
+            );
+
+            assert_eq!(result.diagnostics.len(), 0, "Tr {} should be valid", mode);
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_operators_outside_bt_scope_do_not_crash() {
+        // AC: Operators outside BT scope do not crash
+        let resources = ResourceDict::new();
+        let content = b"5 Tc 10 Tw 150 Tz 15 TL 3 Ts 3 Tr";
+
+        let result = execute_with_do(content, &resources, ProcessingMode::PositionHint, None, &[]);
+
+        // Should not crash; diagnostics may or may not be emitted
+        // The key is that the function returns successfully
+        assert!(result.diagnostics.len() >= 0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_multiple_text_state_operators_in_sequence() {
+        // Test that multiple operators work correctly in sequence
+        let resources = ResourceDict::new();
+        let content = b"BT 5 Tc 10 Tw 120 Tz 15 TL 3 Ts 2 Tr ET";
+
+        let result = execute_with_do(content, &resources, ProcessingMode::PositionHint, None, &[]);
+
+        assert_eq!(result.diagnostics.len(), 0);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/crates/pdftract-core/src/diagnostics.rs b/crates/pdftract-core/src/diagnostics.rs
index b926261..7df3e08 100644
--- a/crates/pdftract-core/src/diagnostics.rs
+++ b/crates/pdftract-core/src/diagnostics.rs
@@ -781,6 +781,22 @@ pub enum DiagCode {
     /// Phase origin: 3.1
     CmDegenerate,
 
+    /// Horizontal scaling set to zero (Tz 0)
+    ///
+    /// Emitted when the Tz operator receives 0, which would make glyphs zero-width.
+    /// The value is clamped to 1.0% to avoid breaking word boundary detection.
+    ///
+    /// Phase origin: 3.1
+    HorizScalingZero,
+
+    /// Text rendering mode clamped to valid range (0-7)
+    ///
+    /// Emitted when the Tr operator receives a value outside 0-7. The value is
+    /// clamped to the nearest valid value (0 or 7).
+    ///
+    /// Phase origin: 3.1
+    TextRenderingModeClamped,
+
     // === LAYOUT_* codes ===
     /// Tagged PDF StructTree deferred to Phase 7
     ///
@@ -996,7 +1012,9 @@ impl DiagCode {
             | DiagCode::GstateStackUnderflow
             | DiagCode::GstateBtEtMismatch
             | DiagCode::CmArgCount
-            | DiagCode::CmDegenerate => "GSTATE",
+            | DiagCode::CmDegenerate
+            | DiagCode::HorizScalingZero
+            | DiagCode::TextRenderingModeClamped => "GSTATE",
 
             // LAYOUT_*
             DiagCode::LayoutTaggedPdfDeferred
@@ -1105,6 +1123,8 @@ impl DiagCode {
             DiagCode::GstateBtEtMismatch => "GSTATE_BT_ET_MISMATCH",
             DiagCode::CmArgCount => "CM_ARG_COUNT",
             DiagCode::CmDegenerate => "CM_DEGENERATE",
+            DiagCode::HorizScalingZero => "HORIZ_SCALING_ZERO",
+            DiagCode::TextRenderingModeClamped => "TEXT_RENDERING_MODE_CLAMPED",
             DiagCode::LayoutTaggedPdfDeferred => "TAGGED_PDF_STRUCT_TREE_DEFERRED",
             DiagCode::LayoutReadingOrderAmbiguous => "LAYOUT_READING_ORDER_AMBIGUOUS",
             DiagCode::LayoutLowReadability => "LAYOUT_LOW_READABILITY",
@@ -1202,6 +1222,8 @@ impl DiagCode {
             | DiagCode::GstateBtEtMismatch
             | DiagCode::CmArgCount
             | DiagCode::CmDegenerate
+            | DiagCode::HorizScalingZero
+            | DiagCode::TextRenderingModeClamped
             | DiagCode::LayoutReadingOrderAmbiguous
             | DiagCode::LayoutLowReadability
             | DiagCode::CacheEntryCorrupt
@@ -1912,6 +1934,22 @@ pub const DIAGNOSTIC_CATALOG: &[DiagInfo] = &[
         phase: "3.1",
         suggested_action: "The cm operator received a degenerate matrix; clamped to identity",
     },
+    DiagInfo {
+        code: DiagCode::HorizScalingZero,
+        category: "GSTATE",
+        severity: Severity::Warning,
+        recoverable: true,
+        phase: "3.1",
+        suggested_action: "The Tz operator received 0; clamped to 1.0% to avoid zero-width glyphs",
+    },
+    DiagInfo {
+        code: DiagCode::TextRenderingModeClamped,
+        category: "GSTATE",
+        severity: Severity::Warning,
+        recoverable: true,
+        phase: "3.1",
+        suggested_action: "The Tr operator received a value outside 0-7; clamped to valid range",
+    },
     // === LAYOUT_* codes ===
     DiagInfo {
         code: DiagCode::LayoutTaggedPdfDeferred,
diff --git a/crates/pdftract-core/src/graphics_state.rs b/crates/pdftract-core/src/graphics_state.rs
index 24acc98..db38e0c 100644
--- a/crates/pdftract-core/src/graphics_state.rs
+++ b/crates/pdftract-core/src/graphics_state.rs
@@ -350,6 +350,55 @@ impl GraphicsState {
     pub fn concat_ctm(&mut self, matrix: &Matrix3x3) {
         self.ctm = self.ctm.multiply(matrix);
     }
+
+    /// Set character spacing (Tc operator).
+    ///
+    /// Tc sets the character spacing parameter, Tw. Negative values are allowed.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn set_char_spacing(&mut self, value: f64) {
+        self.char_spacing = value;
+    }
+
+    /// Set word spacing (Tw operator).
+    ///
+    /// Tw sets the word spacing parameter, Tw. Negative values are allowed.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn set_word_spacing(&mut self, value: f64) {
+        self.word_spacing = value;
+    }
+
+    /// Set horizontal scaling (Tz operator).
+    ///
+    /// Tz sets the horizontal scaling parameter, Tz, as a percentage.
+    /// Values <= 0 are clamped to 1.0 to avoid zero-width glyphs.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn set_horiz_scaling(&mut self, value: f64) {
+        self.horiz_scaling = if value <= 0.0 { 1.0 } else { value };
+    }
+
+    /// Set leading (TL operator).
+    ///
+    /// TL sets the leading parameter, Tl. Negative values are allowed.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn set_leading(&mut self, value: f64) {
+        self.leading = value;
+    }
+
+    /// Set text rise (Ts operator).
+    ///
+    /// Ts sets the text rise parameter, Ts. Negative values are allowed.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn set_text_rise(&mut self, value: f64) {
+        self.text_rise = value;
+    }
+
+    /// Set text rendering mode (Tr operator).
+    ///
+    /// Tr sets the text rendering mode. Values outside 0-7 are clamped to the valid range.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn set_text_rendering_mode(&mut self, value: u8) {
+        self.text_rendering_mode = value.min(7);
+    }
 }
 
 impl Default for GraphicsState {
@@ -781,4 +830,106 @@ mod tests {
         // Verify MAX_GSTATE_DEPTH is 64 per PDF spec
         assert_eq!(MAX_GSTATE_DEPTH, 64);
     }
+
+    // Acceptance criteria tests for pdftract-4dmp
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_set_char_spacing() {
+        let mut state = GraphicsState::new();
+        state.set_char_spacing(5.0);
+        assert_eq!(state.char_spacing, 5.0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_set_word_spacing() {
+        let mut state = GraphicsState::new();
+        state.set_word_spacing(10.0);
+        assert_eq!(state.word_spacing, 10.0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_set_horiz_scaling_positive() {
+        let mut state = GraphicsState::new();
+        state.set_horiz_scaling(150.0);
+        assert_eq!(state.horiz_scaling, 150.0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_set_horiz_scaling_zero_clamps_to_one() {
+        let mut state = GraphicsState::new();
+        state.set_horiz_scaling(0.0);
+        assert_eq!(state.horiz_scaling, 1.0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_set_horiz_scaling_negative_clamps_to_one() {
+        let mut state = GraphicsState::new();
+        state.set_horiz_scaling(-10.0);
+        assert_eq!(state.horiz_scaling, 1.0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_set_leading() {
+        let mut state = GraphicsState::new();
+        state.set_leading(15.0);
+        assert_eq!(state.leading, 15.0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_set_text_rise() {
+        let mut state = GraphicsState::new();
+        state.set_text_rise(3.0);
+        assert_eq!(state.text_rise, 3.0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_set_text_rendering_mode_valid() {
+        let mut state = GraphicsState::new();
+        for mode in 0..=7 {
+            state.set_text_rendering_mode(mode);
+            assert_eq!(state.text_rendering_mode, mode);
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_set_text_rendering_mode_clamps_to_seven() {
+        let mut state = GraphicsState::new();
+        state.set_text_rendering_mode(9);
+        assert_eq!(state.text_rendering_mode, 7);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_set_text_rendering_mode_clamps_to_zero() {
+        let mut state = GraphicsState::new();
+        state.set_text_rendering_mode(255); // u8 overflow wraps to 255
+        assert_eq!(state.text_rendering_mode, 7);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_negative_char_spacing_allowed() {
+        let mut state = GraphicsState::new();
+        state.set_char_spacing(-5.0);
+        assert_eq!(state.char_spacing, -5.0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_negative_word_spacing_allowed() {
+        let mut state = GraphicsState::new();
+        state.set_word_spacing(-10.0);
+        assert_eq!(state.word_spacing, -10.0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_negative_text_rise_allowed() {
+        let mut state = GraphicsState::new();
+        state.set_text_rise(-3.0);
+        assert_eq!(state.text_rise, -3.0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_negative_leading_allowed() {
+        let mut state = GraphicsState::new();
+        state.set_leading(-15.0);
+        assert_eq!(state.leading, -15.0);
+    }
 }